{"id":121,"date":"2018-02-15T21:34:06","date_gmt":"2018-02-15T21:34:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/?p=121"},"modified":"2019-03-12T14:33:55","modified_gmt":"2019-03-12T14:33:55","slug":"exploring-tagalog-grammar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/2018\/02\/15\/exploring-tagalog-grammar\/","title":{"rendered":"Exploring Tagalog Grammar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The University of Cincinnati\u2019s Archives &amp; Rare Books Library holds a rare first edition of Sebasti\u00e1n de Totanes\u2019s Tagalog grammar, <em>Arte de la lengua tagala y manual tagalog para la administraci\u00f3n de los Santos Sacramentos<\/em>. \u00a0Printed entirely on rice paper and bound in vellum, this book served as a Tagalog language primer for Spanish missionaries.<\/p>\n<div id=\"envira-gallery-wrap-121\" class=\"envira-gallery-wrap envira-gallery-theme-base envira-lightbox-theme-base\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\"><div data-row-height=\"\" data-gallery-theme=\"\" id=\"envira-gallery-121\" class=\"envira-gallery-public  envira-gallery-2-columns envira-clear enviratope envira-gallery-css-animations\" data-envira-columns=\"2\"><div id=\"envira-gallery-item-123\" class=\"envira-gallery-item enviratope-item envira-gallery-item-1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 5px;\"  itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"envira-gallery-item-inner\"><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-top-left\"><\/div><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-top-right\"><\/div><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-bottom-left\"><\/div><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-bottom-right\"><\/div><a href=\"http:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/tagalog-cover-1.jpg\" class=\"envira-gallery-121 envira-gallery-link\" rel=\"enviragallery121\" title=\"Vellum cover of Arte de la lengua tagala\" data-envira-caption=\"Vellum cover of Arte de la lengua tagala\" data-envira-retina=\"\" data-thumbnail=\"\"  itemprop=\"contentUrl\"><div class=\"envira-lazy\" data-test-width=\"960\" data-test-height=\"300\" style=\"padding-bottom:31.25%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"envira-gallery-image-123\" class=\"envira-gallery-image envira-gallery-image-1\" data-envira-index=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/tagalog-cover-1-960x300.jpg\" data-envira-src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/tagalog-cover-1-960x300.jpg\" data-envira-gallery-id=\"121\" data-envira-item-id=\"123\" data-envira-caption=\"Vellum cover of Arte de la lengua tagala\" alt=\"Vellum cover of Arte de la lengua tagala\" title=\"Vellum cover of Arte de la lengua tagala\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" data-envira-srcset=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/tagalog-cover-1-960x300.jpg 400w,https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/tagalog-cover-1-960x300.jpg 2x\" srcset=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP\/\/\/\/\/\/\/yH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div id=\"envira-gallery-item-124\" class=\"envira-gallery-item enviratope-item envira-gallery-item-2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 5px;\"  itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"envira-gallery-item-inner\"><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-top-left\"><\/div><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-top-right\"><\/div><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-bottom-left\"><\/div><div class=\"envira-gallery-position-overlay  envira-gallery-bottom-right\"><\/div><a href=\"http:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/Totanes-Arte-de-la-lengua-Tagala-1.jpg\" class=\"envira-gallery-121 envira-gallery-link\" rel=\"enviragallery121\" title=\"Title page\" data-envira-caption=\"Title page\" data-envira-retina=\"\" data-thumbnail=\"\"  itemprop=\"contentUrl\"><div class=\"envira-lazy\" data-test-width=\"960\" data-test-height=\"300\" style=\"padding-bottom:31.25%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"envira-gallery-image-124\" class=\"envira-gallery-image envira-gallery-image-2\" data-envira-index=\"2\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/Totanes-Arte-de-la-lengua-Tagala-1-960x300.jpg\" data-envira-src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/Totanes-Arte-de-la-lengua-Tagala-1-960x300.jpg\" data-envira-gallery-id=\"121\" data-envira-item-id=\"124\" data-envira-caption=\"Title page\" alt=\"Title page of the book Arte de la lengua Tagala\" title=\"Title page\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" data-envira-srcset=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/Totanes-Arte-de-la-lengua-Tagala-1-960x300.jpg 400w,https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/Totanes-Arte-de-la-lengua-Tagala-1-960x300.jpg 2x\" srcset=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP\/\/\/\/\/\/\/yH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/tagalog-cover-1.jpg\" alt=\"Vellum cover of Arte de la lengua tagala\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/Totanes-Arte-de-la-lengua-Tagala-1.jpg\" alt=\"Title page of the book Arte de la lengua Tagala\" \/><\/noscript>\n<p><em>Left:\u00a0<\/em> Vellum cover of <em>Arte de la lengua tagala <\/em>(PL6053<em> .<\/em>T7 1745<em>),\u00a0 Right: <\/em>Title page<\/p>\n<p>Sebasti\u00e1n de Totanes (1688-1748) published his grammar in Manila in 1745 after spending 30 years as a Franciscan missionary in the Philippines. Language and empire went hand in hand in the Spanish colonies and the Spanish influence on the Tagalog language is apparent not only in what Totanes included in his grammar but also what he omitted. Excluded from the book is Tagalog\u2019s native script known as <em>baybayin<\/em>, which Totanes references on the first page, \u201cNo se trata de los Caracteres Tagalos&#8221; (The Tagalog characters will not be treated here). <em>Baybayin<\/em> is related to the Brahmic script and was widely used among the Tagalogs and other linguistic groups prior to Spanish colonization in 1521. \u00a0Below is contemporary rendering of the <em>baybayin <\/em>alphasyllabary.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_120\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-120\" style=\"width: 836px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-120 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/babaymin.jpg\" alt=\"Baybayin script\" width=\"836\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/babaymin.jpg 836w, https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/babaymin-300x56.jpg 300w, https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/babaymin-768x142.jpg 768w, https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/babaymin-604x112.jpg 604w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-120\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Baybayin<\/em> alphasyllabary. (Image from: Diringer, David. <em>The Alphabet: A Key to the History of Mankind<\/em>. New York: Philosophical Library, 1948)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Instead of using the indigenous script, Totanes transliterated Tagalog words into the Latin alphabet or, \u201cCaracteres Castellanos,\u201d as he calls them. Totanes was not alone in romanizing the Tagalog language. Spanish missionaries began rejecting <em>baybayin <\/em>as a written vernacular as early as the 16<sup>th<\/sup> century when they found the syllabary too complex and ambiguous for the purposes of missionary work. Totanes reveals the cultural impact of colonial script selection on the indigenous population, \u201c\u2026rare is the <em>indio <\/em>who knows how to read Tagalog characters and rarer still is the one who knows how to write them. All of them read and write our Castilian characters now&#8221; (the original Spanish can be read below). Despite the efforts of Spanish missionaries to replace the indigenous script, the use of <em>baybayin <\/em>never completely disappeared in the Philippines and survives to the present day.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_125\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-125\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-125 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/folio-1-1-711x1024.jpg\" alt=\"First page\" width=\"640\" height=\"922\" srcset=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/folio-1-1.jpg 711w, https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/folio-1-1-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/43\/2018\/02\/folio-1-1-187x270.jpg 187w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-125\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">First page of <em>Arte de la lengua tagala<\/em>. (PL6053 .T7 1745)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The University of Cincinnati\u2019s Archives &amp; Rare Books Library holds a rare first edition of Sebasti\u00e1n de Totanes\u2019s Tagalog grammar, Arte de la lengua tagala y manual tagalog para la administraci\u00f3n de los Santos Sacramentos. \u00a0Printed entirely on rice paper and bound in vellum, this book served as a Tagalog language primer for Spanish missionaries. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/2018\/02\/15\/exploring-tagalog-grammar\/\"> Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[15,12,14,13],"class_list":["post-121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-latin","tag-sebastian-de-totanes","tag-spain","tag-tagalong-grammar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":163,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121\/revisions\/163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/exhibits\/rare-book-occasional\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}