{"id":10706,"date":"2011-10-10T09:48:55","date_gmt":"2011-10-10T13:48:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/?p=10706"},"modified":"2012-08-14T20:04:00","modified_gmt":"2012-08-15T00:04:00","slug":"the-sabin-digitization-project-october-6-1956","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/2011\/10\/the-sabin-digitization-project-october-6-1956\/","title":{"rendered":"The Albert B. Sabin Digitization Project: October 6, 1956"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A recent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wired.com\/thisdayintech\/2011\/10\/1006sabin-polio-vaccine-test\/\">Wired.com<\/a> blog post highlighted an important day in the development of the oral polio vaccine: October 6, 1956. On this date, Dr. Sabin gave an invited paper at the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine meeting held in Cincinnati. His paper was called \u201cVaccination against Poliomyelitis \u2013 Present and Future.\u201d It was at this meeting that Dr. Sabin reported that he had developed a polio vaccine using three attenuated poliovirus strains, which provided an \u201cimmunizing, symptomless infection\u201d when it was administered orally to over 50 volunteers. He also announced that his live-virus polio vaccine was ready to be tested on \u201cincreasingly larger numbers of humans both in this country and in association with qualified investigators abroad.\u201d[1]<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10707\" style=\"width: 336px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/2011\/10\/10\/the-sabin-digitization-project-october-6-1956\/socexpbiomedmtg\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10707\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10707\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10707  \" style=\"border: 6px solid white;margin: 6px\" src=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/10\/SocExpBioMedMtg.jpg\" alt=\"The Albert B. Sabin Digitization Project: October 6, 1956\" width=\"326\" height=\"418\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-10707\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Front page of program from Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine meeting, October 6, 1956<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In the days following this meeting, several newspapers covered the contents of his paper, with headlines such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cLive Polio Vaccine Found \u2013 Cinti\u2019s Dr. Sabin Develops Oral Serum,\u201d <em>Cincinnati Times-Star<\/em> 10\/6\/1956<\/li>\n<li>\u201cOne-Dose Oral Vaccine Against Polio Revealed,\u201d <em>The Washington Post and Times Herald<\/em> 10\/7\/1956<\/li>\n<li>\u201cLive Vaccine Promises Lifetime Polio Immunity,\u201d <em>The Sunday Star<\/em> (Washington D.C.) 10\/7\/1956<\/li>\n<li>\u201cNew, Take-by-Mouth Polio Vaccine Found,\u201d <em>The Miami Herald<\/em> 10\/7\/1956<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more-->Shortly after the meeting, Dr. Sabin was contacted by the Science Editor of the <em>New York Times<\/em>, Mr. Waldemar Kaempffert, who wanted more information about his work with the live attenuated vaccine. In his response, Dr. Sabin wrote, \u201cI am deeply chagrined that the newspaper reports which came out after the presentation of my paper to the Ohio Valley Section of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine were not quite in accord with the facts. What was not stressed was that the work is still very much in the experimental stage and that although we now have strains of virus which lend themselves for testing on large numbers of people no such mass tests are now visualized[\u2026]\u201d He ended the letter to the editor by saying, \u201cI am highly gratified by your interest and I hope that if you do write anything you may counteract the erroneous impression created over the last week-end and convey the actual state of affairs regarding the experimental status of this work as I expressed it to you here.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A few days later, Mr. Kaempffert wrote back, \u201cYour letter of October 10 came on Friday morning \u2013 in the nick of time.\u201d He mentioned to Dr. Sabin that he read the information very carefully and edited his upcoming article with Dr. Sabin\u2019s letter in mind. This article \u201cNew Anti-Polio Vaccine to Be Swallowed Is Ready for Testing on a Large Dramatic Success Study of Eskimos Vaccine\u2019s Function,\u201d appeared in the New York Times on October 14, 1956.[2]<\/p>\n<p>At another meeting, which also occurred in October of that year, Dr. Sabin reported on the \u201cpresent status\u201d of his vaccine. This report was published in the <em>Journal of the American Medical Association<\/em> and the <em>Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine<\/em>. Dr. Sabin was on his way to the large-scale testing of his vaccine in 1959.<\/p>\n<p>[1]You can read an article on the meeting that Dr. Sabin reviewed for accuracy in<em> Medical News<\/em> (October 22, 1956, pages 1 &amp; 3).<\/p>\n<p>[2]The letters to and from Mr. Kaempffert can be found in Series #7 \u2013 Oral Polio Vaccine, Box #4 \u2013 Correspondence, Miscellaneous, Folder #2 \u2013 Announcement, Articles and Letters, 1956-1957.<\/p>\n<p><em>In 2010, the University of Cincinnati Libraries received a $314,258 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) to digitize the correspondence and photographs of Dr. Albert B. Sabin. This digitization project has been designated a NEH \u201cWe the People\u201d project, an initiative to encourage and strengthen the teaching, study, and understanding of American history and culture through the support of projects that explore significant events and themes in our nation\u2019s history and culture and that advance knowledge of the principles that define America. Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this blog do not necessarily reflect those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A recent Wired.com blog post highlighted an important day in the development of the oral polio vaccine: October 6, 1956. On this date, Dr. Sabin gave an invited paper at the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine meeting held in &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/2011\/10\/the-sabin-digitization-project-october-6-1956\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,13,282],"tags":[286],"class_list":["post-10706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-digital-collections","category-uclibraries","category-winkler-center","tag-albert-b-sabin-archives"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10706"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10706\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libapps.libraries.uc.edu\/liblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}